Njengezinto zokuhamba ezima mpo, amakheshi awahlukaniseki ekuphileni kwabantu kwansuku zonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amakheshi nawo ayisigaba esibalulekile sokuthengwa kwempahla kukahulumeni, futhi cishe zonke izinsuku kunemiklamo engaphezu kweshumi yokuthengiwe ngumphakathi. Indlela yokuthenga amakheshi ingonga isikhathi nomzamo, izuze imali, futhi igweme izingxabano. Kuyinkinga wonke umthengi kanye ne-ejensi okudingeka bayicabangele. Eqinisweni, ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo ezingenhla, udinga kuphela ukunaka eminye imininingwane emincane kuyo yonke inqubo yokuthenga. Kulolu shicilelo, sizokwethula imininingwane eyishumi ngokuhambisana nenqubo yokuthenga.
1. Ukunqunywa kohlobo lwekheshi
Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokuhlela yesakhiwo, inhloso yesakhiwo kufanele icaciswe, ngoba izinhlobo zamakheshi asetshenziswa amahhotela, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, izibhedlela, izindlu noma amabhizinisi ezimboni kanye nezimayini zivame ukuhluka kakhulu, futhi uma kunqunywa, Kunzima kakhulu ukushintsha futhi. Ngemuva kokunqunywa kokusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo, ukuhlaziywa kokugeleza kwabagibeli kwenziwa ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nendawo yesakhiwo, indawo (ubude), ukugeleza kwabantu abangena nabaphumayo, kanye nendawo yesakhiwo lapho ikheshi litholakala khona, ukuze kunqunywe isivinini sekheshi (isivinini esincane kufanele sihlangabezane nezidingo zokufika komlilo) kanye nomthamo womthwalo ( Umthwalo lapho imoto ye-elevator edingekayo igcwele umshini womshini omncane, igumbi lomshini omncane ogcwele amakheshi), igumbi, umshini ongenakamelo), uhlobo lomshini wokudonsa (i-vortex ye-turbine yendabuko kanye nokuvumelanisa okusha kwamagnetic unomphela).
2.Ukuhlela ukuqala ukuthenga ngemva kokugunyazwa
Isikhathi sokuthenga siyanconywa ukuthi uqale ukuthenga ngemva kokuhlela ukugunyazwa. Ngemva kokunquma uhlobo, isivinini, umthamo wokulayisha, inani lamakheshi, inani lezitobhi, ubude be-stroke obuphelele, njll., ungaphathisa umnyango wokuklama izakhiwo ukuthi uklame ipulani. Emisebenzini ye-elevator civil (ikakhulukazi i-lifti shaft), umnyango wokuklama uvamise ukuba ngochwepheshe. Abakhiqizi bezikheshi bahlinzeka ngohlobo olufanayo lwemidwebo evamile yobunjiniyela bomphakathi, futhi badwebe imidwebo ye-elevator yokwakha umphakathi ihlanganiswe nezakhiwo ezihlukene zezitebhisi zekheshi ezifana nesakhiwo sezitini, isakhiwo sikakhonkolo, isakhiwo sesitena-ukhonkolo noma isakhiwo sethambo lensimbi. Lo sayizi uthathwa njengokuguquguquka futhi ungahlangabezana nezidingo zabakhiqizi abajwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, izidingo zosayizi womklamo we-hoistway, igumbi lomshini kanye nomgodi wabakhiqizi abahlukene be-elevator zisahlukile. Uma umenzi enqunywa kusengaphambili, ukuklama ngokusho kwemidwebo yomkhiqizi okhethiwe kunganciphisa ukuchithwa kwendawo yokusetshenziswa futhi kunciphise inkathazo yokwakha esikhathini esizayo. Uma i-hoistway inkulu, indawo iyachithwa; uma i-hoistway incane, abanye abakhiqizi abakwazi ukwanelisa nhlobo, kuyadingeka ukwandisa izindleko zokukhiqiza ngokusho kokukhiqiza okungezona okujwayelekile.
3. Ukukhetha okunengqondo kwabakhiqizi nemikhiqizo
Abakhiqizi be-elevator nemikhiqizo ezinkampanini ezinkulu eziyisishiyagalombili zomhlaba nabo banamabanga, kukhona ibutho lokuqala kanye nelegiyoni yesibili. Kukhona nezinkampani eziningi zamakheshi ezifuywayo. Ikheshi nalo liyisenti. Amabhidi amayunithi wezinga elifanayo angakhethwa ngokuya ngesabelomali sawo kanye nokuma kwephrojekthi. Ingabuye ikhethwe endaweni enkulu, futhi ekugcineni inqume ukuthi yiliphi ibanga elisekelwe ezingeni lomehluko. Kukhona nabathengisi nama-ejenti kumakheshi. Bazoba namanani aphezulu, kodwa bangakwazi ukutshala izimali. Ngokuvamile khetha umenzi, ngakho ikhwalithi iqinisekisiwe, isevisi ingathola impande, kodwa imigomo yokukhokha idinga kakhulu. Umkhuba womkhakha uwukufuna inkokhelo kusengaphambili, inkokhelo ephelele noma inkokhelo eyisisekelo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Imboni yamakheshi izoba nelayisense yebhizinisi edingekayo, ilayisense yokukhiqiza ikheshi, kanye namadokhumenti asekelayo afana neziqu zebanga lebhizinisi lemboni yezokwakha kanye nesitifiketi sokugunyazwa sokuphepha sokufakwa.
4. I-interface kulula ukuyidlulisela
Ukufakwa kwekheshi lesigaba sokuxhumana kuhlobene eduze neyunithi yokwakhiwa kosonkontileka abajwayelekile (ukwakha nokufaka umphakathi), iyunithi yokuvikela umlilo, kanye neyunithi kagesi ebuthakathaka. Ukuxhumana phakathi kokubili kufanele kuchazwe ngokucacile, futhi ukwakhiwa kufanele kunikezwe.
5. Ngenxa yesidingo sokukhetha umsebenzi wekheshi
Yonke imboni yamakheshi inetafula lomsebenzi wezikheshi, futhi izisebenzi zokuthenga zidinga ukuqonda imisebenzi yayo. Eminye imisebenzi iyimpoqo futhi ayikwazi ukwehliswa. Eminye imisebenzi iyadingeka ku-elevator, futhi ngeke kube khona ukukhetha. Ezinye izici zisiza, azidingeki, ungakhetha. Khetha izici ezisuselwe ekumeni kwephrojekthi. Uma imisebenzi eminingi, intengo ikhuphuka, kodwa ayisebenzi ngempela. Ikakhulukazi, umsebenzi we-elevator ongenazithiyo, amaphrojekthi okuhlala, asikho isidingo esiyisibopho ekwamukelweni kokuphothula, umkhuba ojwayelekile akufanele ucabangele, ngenxa yekheshi le-stretcher, ukucaciswa kokuklama kunezidingo eziphoqelekile. Kumaphrojekthi wokwakha womphakathi, izici zokufinyeleleka kufanele zicatshangelwe. Ukuhlelwa kwenkinobho ye-Elevator, ukucabangela ukunethezeka, ubuhle, kodwa futhi ucabangele ukuzwela kwamaShayina nabangaphandle kwezinye izinombolo, 13,14 njalonjalo ngezinhlamvu esikhundleni. Ngesikhathi sokubhida, umkhiqizi wekheshi kudingeka ukuthi acaphune izinketho ezihlukahlukene ukuze abhekisele kuzo lapho ekhetha uhlobo.
6. Sula izingxabano zokugwema amanani
Intengo yonke yephrojekthi ye-elevator kufanele ihlanganise zonke izintengo zemishini, izindleko zokuhamba, izintengo (esitebhisini), izimali zomshuwalense, izimali zokufaka, izimali zokugunyazwa kanye nabakhiqizi ekuzibophezeleni komnikazi ekuthengiseni kwangaphambili, iwaranti yokuthengisa emva kokuthengisa nezinye izindleko ezihlobene, kodwa lapha kudingeka ukuchaza, efektri Lapho umnyango wokwakha uletha amakheshi agcwalisiwe futhi amukelwa kumnikazi wempahla kamuva, umnikazi wesakhiwo kufanele abe umnikazi wezindleko kamuva. imali yokubhalisa, imali yokuhlola ukwamukelwa kokufakwa, imali yokuhlola umlilo (izinto zokusebenza), kanye nemali yonyaka yokuhlolwa kwekheshi. Izindleko ezihlobene ezibalulwe ngenhla, kokubili ukunikezwa nokufunwa kufanele kusetshenziswe kunkontileka ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukususa izibopho zazo zombili izinhlangothi ngendlela ebhaliwe kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema izingxabano. Ngesikhathi sokubhida, abakhiqizi bamakheshi kudingeka babike intengo yokugqoka izingxenye nezindleko zokuyilungisa. Izindleko zalo mnyango zibandakanya izindleko zokusebenza kwesikhathi esizayo, futhi inkampani yendawo ikhathazeke kakhulu.
7. Sekukonke ukuhlela isikhathi sokulethwa
Umnikazi angacela umenzi welifti ukuthi acacise usuku lokulethwa kwenqubekelaphambili yokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo. Manje isikhathi sokulethwa komphakeli ojwayelekile sithatha izinyanga ezi-2 nengxenye kuya kwezinyanga ezi-4, futhi imishini ye-elevator yesakhiwo jikelele ibekwe kahle kakhulu esakhiweni. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlakaze ama-cranes angaphandle. Uma ifika ngaphambi kwalokhu, nakanjani izobangela izinkinga zokugcina nokugcina, futhi ngemva kwalokho, kuzoba nezindleko zokuphakamisa nokuphatha okwesibili. Ngokuvamile, imboni yekheshi izoba nesikhathi samahhala sokugcina isikhathi esithile. Uma ingalethwanga ngalesi sikhathi, ifekthri izokhokhisa imali ethile.
8.Beka ikheshi libe yizixhumanisi ezintathu ezinkulu
Ikheshi elihle, kufanele silawule izixhumanisi ezintathu eziyinhloko (ezibizwa nangokuthi izigaba ezintathu).
Okokuqala, ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yemishini ye-elevator, edinga ukuthi abakhiqizi bamakheshi baqinisekise ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabo; njengoba amakheshi eyimishini ekhethekile, ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza yamabhizinisi anezitifiketi zokukhiqiza ngokuvamile ayinazo izinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa ukuqina nokuzinza kuzohluka nakanjani.
Okwesibili ukunaka izinga lokufakwa nokuthunywa. Izinga lokufakwa libaluleke kakhulu. Ithimba elifaka i-elevator ngayinye yefekthri ngokuyisisekelo liwukubambisana kwalo noma isikhathi eside. Kukhona nokuhlola. Ukugunyazwa kuvame ukuphathwa yifekthri ye-elevator.
Okwesithathu, insizakalo yangemva kokuthengisa, ngemva kokuba ikheshi selithengisiwe, kunethimba elilungisayo elinomsebenzi walo. Imboni yamakheshi izosayina inkontileka yesondlo nenkampani yendawo, eqinisekisa ukuqhubeka komsebenzi wefekthri yamakheshi. Ukugcinwa okunengqondo nokufika ngesikhathi nokuphathwa kokunakekelwa kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yekheshi. Ngakho-ke, ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1990, izwe lakhipha idokhumenti enesihloko esibomvu yoMnyango Wezokwakha, ebeka ngokucacile ukuthi imikhiqizo yekheshi ikhiqizwa isevisi yomkhiqizi “yesitobhi esisodwa,” okungukuthi, umenzi wamakheshi uqinisekisa, uyafaka, ulungisa amaphutha, futhi ugcina imishini yekheshi ekhiqizwa ikheshi. Unomthwalo wemfanelo.
9. Ukwamukelwa kwekheshi akubona budlabha
Amakheshi ayimishini ekhethekile, kanti i-State Bureau of Technical Supervision inenqubo yokwamukela, kodwa ngokuvamile inesibopho sokuphepha, futhi iphinde igxile ekuhloleni. Ngakho-ke, umnikazi kanye neyunithi yokuqondisa kumele benze ngokuqinile ukwamukela ukukhumula, ukuqapha inqubo, ukwamukela okufihliwe, ukwamukelwa kokusebenza nokunye. Kufanele ihlolwe futhi yamukelwe ngokuya ngemibandela yokwamukela ikheshi kanye nemisebenzi enqunywe kunkontileka, kanye nokwamukelwa kwekheshi elilodwa lekheshi elilodwa.
10.Special person control control security security
Ukufakwa nokuthunywa kwekheshi sekuqediwe, ukwamukelwa kwangaphakathi kuqediwe, futhi nemibandela yokusetshenziswa iyahlangatshezwa. Ngokwemithethonqubo, i-elevator ayivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kokwamukelwa kwehhovisi lokuqondisa lobuchwepheshe, kodwa ngokuvamile i-elevator yangaphandle iye yahlakazwa ngalesi sikhathi, futhi omunye umsebenzi weyunithi yephakheji evamile awuqediwe, futhi i-elevator yangaphakathi iyadingeka. Iyunithi yekheshi nosonkontileka jikelele basayina isivumelwano, ikheshi lihlela umuntu okhethekile ukuba avule ikheshi, futhi iyunithi yephakheji evamile isebenzisa ikheshi ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko zeyunithi yekheshi futhi ithwala izindleko. Ngemva kokuba iphrojekthi isiqediwe ngokugcwele, yenza ukuhlola okuphelele nokulungiswa. Ngemva kokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi, inkampani ye-elevator inikezwa ophikweni lokulungisa, futhi iphakethe elijwayelekile lidluliselwa enkampanini yendawo ukuze iphathwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-07-2022